BY : CHAM Development Team - M R Malin

FOR : PHOENICS Validation of 2-Phase Modelling Options

Two-dimensional turbulent 2-phase bubbly air-water flow in a ladle.
Cylindrical-polar computational grid.
Interphase momentum transfer modelled using the 'dirty-water' drag correlation of Kuo and Wallis.
Turbulence represented via the k-e turbulence model with additional source terms to account for bubble-induced turbulence.
The IPSA algorithm is used, although the GENTRA algorithm would serve equally well.
The gas-stirring of ladles is of practical importance in metallurgical processes such as de-gassing and de-sulfurisation.

These flows have been studied experimentally and numerically by Johanssen et al [1988].
The ladle height is 1.237m and the ladle diameter is 1.016m.
Air enters through a centrally-located 0.05m diameter plug at a flow rate of Q=610cm**3/s, and leaves through the free surface.
The column of bubbles rising through the ladle induces a gross clockwise circulation of the liquid due to momentum interaction between the two phases.
The bubble diameter is taken as 3mm.
The mesh employed uses 20 radial and 30 axial cells.

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